Melatonin

Melatonin is secreted by the pea-sized pineal gland in the center of our brains to regulate our sleep patterns. Our bodies make it from the well known sleep inducing amino acid tryptophan.

As we age we seem to produce less melatonin and this has been suggested as one of the reasons why our aging population has difficult sleeping patterns.

The decline of melatonin centers around age 45. The decline is usually a steep one. By age 60, we produce half the melatonin we did during our twenties and by the late seventies nearly none.

What is so important about sleep?
You probably do not need a long litany of medical articles to know that it is probably a pretty good idea to get a good night’s sleep.

The researchers of sleep have broken sleep up into five different stages, Stages I and II are the “light” sleep phases, Stage III and IV are the deep sleep cycles. Dreaming occurs during Rapid Eye Movement sleep (REM). It is during level IV sleep that our body re-energizes and most importantly that the immune system is stimulated. In treating patients with chronic pain, one of the very first things we do is take a history from the patient of their sleep patterns. Melatonin helps restore good sleep architecture. Without deep Stage IV sleep, healing becomes more difficult, there is a decrease in hormones and neurotransmitters produced that can give us a great quality of life.

If regulating sleep was all that melatonin did, that would be important enough to include it in an age management program.

But research has also suggested that melatonin may contribute to the following:
– Enhances the immune system as an anti-oxidant
– Positive effect on the aging process
– Reduce blood pressure
– Improves bowel symptoms
– Decrease cholesterol
– Increase the natural killer cell activity of the immune system
– Helps reset the circadian rhythm in jet lag

Will melatonin make you live longer?
Much has been made of the possibility of melatonin being a life extender. This is based on animal studies in rats and mice that showed a 20% increase in life span. Speculation centers on melatonin’s anti-oxidant properties. No human longevity studies have been reported to date.

The negatives of melatonin
No serious side effects have been reported in the short-term, and long-term effects are unknown. Melatonin is a hormone, and as such, it should be taken under a physician’s guidance.

Other Side Effects
Headaches
Stomach upset
Insomnia
Restlessness
Depression
Strange dreams

Selected Research